Article information
Article title: Molecular basis of methyl-salicylate-mediated plant airborne defense
Journal: Nature
Date of Publication: September 13, 2023
Article link: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06533-3
Using TransGen products:
TransScript® One-Step gDNA Removal and cDNA Synthesis SuperMix (AT311)
TransZol (ET101)
Research background
Plants produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in response to environmental stimuli, which can induce defense reactions in neighboring plants. This phenomenon is known as airborne defense (AD) or plant-plant communication (PPC). Although this communication has been observed in various plant species for decades, the molecular mechanisms underlying VOC-mediated PPC have remained unclear. Additionally, apart from ethylene receptors, the receptors through which plants perceive other VOCs have yet to be identified.
Aphids are one of the most destructive agricultural pests worldwide, and their biting triggers the release of VOCs, including methyl salicylate (MeSA), from plants. MeSA plays a crucial role in plant defense against herbivorous insects such as aphids, but how MeSA acts as a signaling molecule for interplant communication and activates AD defense against aphids remains a long-standing unresolved question. It is also unclear whether plants possess receptors to recognize and perceive airborne MeSA. Furthermore, the potential interference of aphids and viruses with plant airborne defense is unknown.
Abstract
Aphids transmit viruses and are destructive crop pests1. Plants that have been attacked by aphids release volatile compounds to elicit airborne defence (AD) in neighbouring plants. However, the mechanism underlying AD is unclear. Here we reveal that methyl-salicylate (MeSA), salicylic acid-binding protein-2 (SABP2), the transcription factor NAC2 and salicylic acid-carboxylmethyltransferase-1 (SAMT1) form a signalling circuit to mediate AD against aphids and viruses. Airborne MeSA is perceived and converted into salicylic acid by SABP2 in neighbouring plants. Salicylic acid then causes a signal transduction cascade to activate the NAC2–SAMT1 module for MeSA biosynthesis to induce plant anti-aphid immunity and reduce virus transmission. To counteract this, some aphid-transmitted viruses encode helicase-containing proteins to suppress AD by interacting with NAC2 to subcellularly relocalize and destabilize NAC2. As a consequence, plants become less repellent to aphids, and more suitable for aphid survival, infestation and viral transmission. Our findings uncover the mechanistic basis of AD and an aphid–virus co-evolutionary mutualism, demonstrating AD as a potential bioinspired strategy to control aphids and viruses.
Plant Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) Molecular Mechanism Schematic Diagram.
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•Gong Q, Wang Y J, He L F, et al. Molecular basis of methyl salicylate-mediated plant airborne defense [J]. Nature, 2023.
•He C, Xing F, Liang J, et al. The ABI5-dependent down-regulation of mitochondrial ATP synthase OSCP subunit facilitates apple necrotic mosaic virus infection[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2023.
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•Wang S, Lu M, Wang W, et al. Macrophage Polarization Modulated by NF‐κB in Polylactide Membranes‐Treated Peritendinous Adhesion[J]. Small, 2022.
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Some articles published using TransScript® One-Step gDNA Removal and cDNA Synthesis SuperMix (AT311):
•Gong Q, Wang Y J, He L F, et al. Molecular basis of methyl salicylate-mediated plant airborne defense [J]. Nature, 2023.
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•Liu W, Yao Q, Su X, et al. Molecular insights into Spindlin1-HBx interplay and its impact on HBV transcription from cccDNA minichromosome[J]. Nature Communications, 2023.
•Guo Z, Cao H, Zhao J, et al. A natural uORF variant confers phosphorus acquisition diversity in soybean[J]. Nature Communications, 2022.
•Wang B, Zhao M, Su Z, et al. RIIβ‐PKA in GABAergic Neurons of Dorsal Median Hypothalamus Governs White Adipose Browning[J]. Advanced Science, 2022.
• Liu S, Liu C, Lv X, et al. The chemokine CCL1 triggers an AMFR-SPRY1 pathway that promotes differentiation of lung fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and drives pulmonary fibrosis[J]. Immunity, 2021.
•Wang R, Xue Y, Fan J, et al. A systems genetics approach reveals PbrNSC as a regulator of lignin and cellulose biosynthesis in stone cells of pear fruit[J]. Genome Biology, 2021.
